Katafaren kamfanin sayar da barasa na Amurka ya bayyana a ranar 5 ga Yuli cewa harajin kashi 50% na gwamnatin Trump kan aluminium da ake shigo da shi zai haifar da karuwar kusan dala miliyan 20 a cikin kasafin kudin wannan shekara, wanda ke tura Arewacin Amurka.aluminum masana'antusarkar zuwa sahun gaba na wasan. Kodayake abubuwan sha na Mexica har yanzu suna jin daɗin keɓewar haraji, giyar da aka haɗa a cikin gwangwani na aluminium yana ƙarƙashin sabbin haraji, yana tasiri kai tsaye ga ribar kamfanoni. Wannan da alama yaƙin kuɗin fito da aka yi niyya ga masana'antar aluminium a haƙiƙa yana fallasa rikice-rikice masu zurfi tsakanin kamfanoni na ƙasa da ƙasa da masu tsara manufofi a cikin yanayin sake fasalin sarkar samar da kayayyaki na duniya.
Watsawa farashin: ' lissafin haraji ganuwa' a cikin gwangwani giya
A ƙarƙashin alamar Constellation, samfuran giya irin su Corona da Modro sun dogara gaba ɗaya akan gwangwani na aluminum da aka shigo da su daga Mexico, kuma sabon tsarin jadawalin kuɗin fito ya ƙara farashin aluminum da kusan $ 1200 kowace ton. Duk da girmamawar da CFO Gals Hankinson ya yi kan “wahalar da ake samu wajen canja farashi,” kasuwar ta mayar da martani: Farashin hannun jarinta ya ragu da kashi 31% a cikin shekara, kuma darajar kasuwar ta ta kau da sama da dala biliyan 13. Abin sha'awa shine, Ƙungiyar Aluminum ta Kanada ta bayyana cewa ainihin aiwatar da kuɗin fito na aluminium na Kanada ta Amurka shine kawai 65% na adadin da aka bayyana, yana nuna cewa kamfanoni na iya guje wa wasu farashi ta hanyar cinikin sufuri, amma wannan aikin launin toka yana fuskantar hadarin sake dubawa na kwastam.
Sake Tsara Sarkar Kayayyaki: Dabarar shingen shingen Aluminum na Kanada'
Don jimre wa tasirin jadawalin kuɗin fito, kamfanonin aluminium na Kanada suna haɓaka haɓaka iya aiki. Alumina Alouette ta kashe dala biliyan 1.1 don faɗaɗa na'urar ta na Quebec, tare da tsammanin samar da ton 650000 nan da 2026, haɓaka 40% daga matakin yanzu. Wannan mataki ba wai kawai don biyan bukatar Amurka ba ne, har ma da nufin kwace kasuwannin Turai - bayan da EU ta sanya ƙarin kudade a kan aluminum da aka shigo da shi saboda harajin carbon, gasa na aluminium na Kanada a cikin masana'antar kera motoci ya karu sosai. Jean Simard, Shugaba na Ƙungiyar Aluminum na Kanada, ya bayyana cewa idan harajin Amurka ya ci gaba har zuwa 2026, gwamnati na iya kunna "Asusun Tabbatar da Masana'antu" don rage matsin lamba ga 'yan kasuwa ta hanyar biyan haraji ko ƙananan lamuni.
Yakin Masana'antu: Yaƙi tsakanin ikon farashi da wasan siyasa
Rahoton kudi na Alcoa ya nuna cewa a cikin Q1 2025, ya yi asarar dala miliyan 20 saboda harajin haraji, kuma ana sa ran asarar da ake sa ran a Q2 zai fadada zuwa dala miliyan 90. Duk da haka, farashin hannun jarin ya tashi da kashi 12% sabanin yadda kasuwar ke sa ran za a fitar da jadawalin kuɗin fito na dogon lokaci. Wannan sabani ya samo asali ne daga tsarin lahani a cikin ƙarfin narkewar gida na Amurka: ko da yake jadawalin kuɗin fito da nufin farfado da masana'antu na gida, ƙarfin narkar da aluminum a Amurka shine kawai 670000 tons (kasa da 1/4 na kasar Sin), da kuma sake farawa aiki maras amfani yana buƙatar ƙarin zuba jari a cikin gajeren lokaci zuwa 3.6. A lokaci guda kuma, Alcoa Arewacin Amirka, wani kamfani na Mexico, ya zama mai nasara a ɓoye a ƙarƙashin haraji ta hanyar haɗawa da "bauxite alumina electrolytic aluminum" a tsaye don sarrafa farashin da ke ƙasa da $ 2500 kowace ton.
Fission Mai Amfani: 'Green Juyin Juyin Halitta' na Beer Can
Matsin kuɗin fito yana haifar da canjin fasaha a cikin masana'antu. Alamar Constellation tana haɗin gwiwa tare da Kamfanin Ball don haɓaka gwangwani na aluminum masu nauyi, rage yawan amfani da aluminium kowace gwangwani daga gram 13.6 zuwa gram 9.8 da adana $0.35 a kowane akwati. Idan wannan dabarar “raguwa” ta shahara, zai iya rage yawan amfanin allumini na shekara-shekara na masana'antar giyar Amurka da tan 120000, daidai da rage yawan shigo da jiragen ruwa 30. Amma haɓakar muhalli yana buƙatar haɗin gwiwar dukkanin sarkar masana'antu - ƙimar sake amfani da aluminum a Amurka ya karu daga 50% a cikin 2019 zuwa 68% a cikin 2025, amma ƙarfin samar da aluminum da aka sake fa'ida har yanzu yana baya bayan haɓakar ƙimar buƙatun, wanda ya haifar da hauhawar farashin aluminum na farko.
Geopolitical Mirror: The "De Sinicization" Dilemma na Arewacin Amirka Aluminum Industry
Duk da yunkurin da Amurka ta yi na sake fasalin sarkar samar da aluminium ta hanyar haraji, kasar Sin ta kasance kasa mafi girma a duniya wajen kera aluminium da aka sake yin fa'ida (lissafin kashi 35% nan da shekarar 2025). Kamfanonin aluminium na Kanada sun fara shigo da ingots na aluminum da aka sake sarrafa su daga China tare da sarrafa su zuwa manyan kayayyaki don fitar da su don gujewa haraji. Wannan "dabarun zagaye" ya haifar da karuwar kashi 45 cikin 100 a duk shekara a ainihin fitar da aluminum da aka sake sarrafa daga China zuwa Amurka. Wani abin lura kuma shi ne, kungiyar ta turai ta shigar da kara a gaban hukumar ta WTO, inda ta zargi harajin Amurka da keta yarjejeniyoyin cinikayya cikin 'yanci. Idan an amince da hukuncin, zai iya haifar da girgiza na biyu a cikin sarkar masana'antar aluminium ta duniya.
Yaƙin da ke ɓoye kan ikon farashin albarkatu yana ƙaruwa tsakanin ma'adinan tagulla a cikin Andes da na'urorin sarrafa aluminum a Arewacin Amurka. Lokacin da jadawalin kuɗin fito ya zama makami na al'ada a cikin wasannin kasuwanci, kamfanoni za su iya samun daidaito tsakanin farashin biyan kuɗi da sabbin fasahohi kawai don su ci gaba da kasancewa cikin rugujewar sarkar samar da kayayyaki ta duniya.
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-08-2025