Ⅰ Core aikace-aikace yankunan da simintin aluminum gami
Simintin gyare-gyare na aluminum ya zama babban abu mai mahimmanci a masana'antar zamani saboda ƙarancin ƙarancinsa, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙarfi, kyakkyawan aikin simintin, da juriya na lalata. Ana iya taƙaita filayen aikace-aikacen sa zuwa cikin hanyoyi guda biyar masu zuwa:
1. Filin sufuri: ainihin mai ɗaukar nauyi juyin juya hali
Masana'antar kera motoci: A matsayin babbar kasuwa ta ƙasa don simintin simintin aluminium (lissafin sama da 60%), ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin tubalan silinda na injin, gidajen watsawa, cibiyoyin dabaran, da kayan aikin chassis. Ɗaukar alloy na ADC12 a matsayin misali, ƙimar shigar da sassa na simintin simintin sa a cikin sabbin fakitin baturi na abin hawa makamashi, iyakoki na ƙarshen mota, da sauran abubuwan haɗin gwiwa yana ci gaba da ƙaruwa, yana tura yawan almuran a kowace abin hawa zuwa ga manufa na 220kg.
Aerospace: A cikin jirgin sama tsarin sassa (kamar reshe biam, saukowa gear brackets) da engine sassa (kamar turbine ruwan wukake, casings), high-ƙarfi aluminum gami (kamar ZL205A) cimma ma'auni tsakanin high zafin jiki juriya na 400 ℃ da gajiya juriya ta hanyar T7 zafi magani tsari, muhimmanci inganta man fetur yadda ya dace.
Titin jirgin ƙasa: Mahimman abubuwan da aka haɗa kamar bogi na jirgin ƙasa mai sauri da akwatunan gear an yi su ne da gami da ZL1101A, suna samun raguwar nauyi sama da 30% yayin tabbatar da ƙarfi.
2. Filayen lantarki da lantarki: goyon bayan fasaha don samar da daidaito
3C kayayyakin lantarki: Tsakanin firam ɗin wayoyin hannu da harsashi na kwamfyutocin an yi su ne da sassa na simintin ƙarfe na aluminum gami da simintin simintin simintin gyare-gyare, kuma ZL402 alloy an ƙera shi tare da kauri na bango na 0.5mm ta hanyar fasaha mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, yayin saduwa da buƙatun garkuwar lantarki da watsawar zafi.
Kayan aiki na wuta: Ana amfani da alloy na ZL303 don harsashi na babban ƙarfin wutan lantarki da na'ura mai canzawa, wanda ke nuna fa'idodi na musamman a cikin ginin tashoshin wutar lantarki na bakin teku saboda juriyar lalatawar ruwan teku.
3. Filin kayan aikin injiniya: samfurin wasan kwaikwayo na lalacewa da juriya na lalata
Mutum-mutumi na masana'antu: Gidajen masu rage haɗin gwiwa an yi su ne da eutectic Al Si gami (kamar ZL117), kuma fasahar spheroidization na lokaci na silicon yana haɓaka juriya da 40%, yana ƙara rayuwar sabis na kayan aiki.
Kayan aikin gine-gine: ZL104 alloy an zaba don jikin famfo na hydraulic, bawul tsibirin tushe da sauran abubuwan da aka gyara, kuma an samu tare da T6 zafi magani don cimma σ b ≥ 350MPa, dace da babban nauyin yanayin.
4. Ƙirƙirar Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙwararren Ƙaƙwalwa na Gina
Aluminum alloy formwork: The rabo dagaSaukewa: 6061-T6aikin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin gine-ginen da aka riga aka tsara ya kai kashi 35%, kuma halinsa na sake amfani da shi fiye da sau 200 yana rage sharar gida da kashi 90% idan aka kwatanta da tsarin katako, wanda ya dace da bukatun dabarun "dual carbon".
5. Masana'antar Tsaro da Soja ta ƙasa: Nasarar Ayyukan Muhalli
Makami mai linzami sashi: ZL205A gami an hõre T77 zafi magani don kula da girma da kwanciyar hankali a cikin zafin jiki kewayon -54 ℃ zuwa 150 ℃, kuma ana amfani da tsarin aka gyara na dabarun makamai masu linzami jikin.
Kayan aikin jirgi: ZL305 masu tallatawa suna da ƙimar juriya na lalata ƙasa da 0.03mm / shekara a cikin yanayin nutsewar ruwan teku, suna tsawaita rayuwar sabis ɗin sau uku idan aka kwatanta da na'urorin jan ƙarfe na gargajiya.
Ⅱ Girman nazari da maɓalli na simintin aluminum gami
Tsarin Aiki Aiki
Ayyukan yin simintin gyare-gyare: Tare da gudana (tsawon karkace ≥ 500mm) da ƙimar raguwar layi (≤ 1.2%) a matsayin ainihin alamun, Al Si gami ya zama zaɓin da aka fi so don yin simintin mutuwa saboda fa'idar eutectic.
Kayan aikin injiniya: Ƙarfin ƙarfi (σ b) da elongation (δ) suna buƙatar dacewa da yanayin aikace-aikacen, kamar kayan aikin aminci na motoci da ke buƙatar σ b ≥ 250MPa da δ ≥ 3%.
Amsar maganin zafi: Jihar T6 tana da 15% -20% karuwa a ƙarfi idan aka kwatanta da jihar T5, amma haɗarin aiki na aiki yana buƙatar daidaitawa.
Binciken samarwa da buƙatun sarkar masana'antu
Gefen albarkatun ƙasa: Scrap aluminum samar da lissafin 59%, amma shigo da dogara har yanzu akwai (Malaysia da Thailand su ne manyan tushen kasashen), kuma ya kamata a biya hankali ga canje-canje a cikin 760200090 haraji manufofin.
Ƙarshen samarwa: Adadin amfani da ƙarfin samar da aluminum da aka sake yin fa'ida bai wuce 55% ba, kuma ƙimar tattarawar masana'antu CR10 shine kawai 45%. Sabbin ƙarfin samarwa da aka ƙara a Anhui, Guangdong da sauran wurare za a fito da su ta hanyar mai da hankali (ana tsammanin ƙara ton miliyan 2.66 a cikin 2025).
Bangaren masu amfani: Yawan haɓakar buƙatu a cikin ɓangaren kera motoci yana da alaƙa mai ƙarfi tare da samar da sabbin motocin makamashi (tare da madaidaicin daidaituwa na 0.82), yayin da manufar isar da garantin ke shafar ɓangaren ginin.
Hanyar Juyin Halitta na Fasahar Tsari
Fasahar Narke Tsarkakewa: Hanyar allurar rotary (RGI) tana samun abun ciki na hydrogen na ≤ 0.15ml/100gAl, wanda shine 60% mafi inganci fiye da tsarin kumfa na gargajiya.
Ƙirƙirar Ƙarfafawa: Fasahar Zaɓaɓɓen Laser Melting (SLM) tana ba da damar gyare-gyaren lokaci ɗaya na hadadden tsarin tsarin tashoshi, haɓaka amfani da kayan zuwa sama da 85%.
Fasahar kwaikwaiyo: Software na ProCAST yana kwaikwayi dabi'ar raguwa da sako-sako, yana jagorantar inganta yawan adadin inoculant da aka ƙara, kuma yana rage raguwar ƙima da maki 2.3.
Direbobin farashin kasuwa
Haɗin kuɗi: Scrap aluminum yana da kashi 90%, kuma ana watsa jujjuyawar farashin aluminium ta hanyar A00 farashin aluminum x ƙimar ragi. Kudin sarrafawa na yanzu ya kasance a cikin kewayon 800-1200 yuan/ton.
Hukunce-hukuncen farashin: Ma'anar ma'anar koma-baya na bambancin farashin tsakanin ADC12 da A00 aluminum suna da mahimmanci. Lokacin da bambancin farashin ya wuce yuan 2500/ton, sakamakon maye gurbin dattin datti ya bayyana.
Zagayowar ƙididdiga: Matsakaicin ƙididdiga na jama'a zuwa kayan cikin gida (tan 15700 / ton 79000) yana kan ƙarancin tarihi, kuma muna buƙatar faɗakarwa ga bugun jini kamar tasirin kasuwar sakewa akan farashi.
Ⅲ Hankali kan Ci gaban Masana'antu
Haɓaka tsarin buƙatu: Buƙatar sabbin sassan simintin abin hawa na makamashi zai ƙaru da 24% CAGR, yana fitar da kaso na kasuwa na abubuwan da ba a kula da su ba (kamar CNC-F) zuwa sama da 30%.
Haɓaka haɗin fasaha: Aiwatar da fasahar tagwayen dijital a cikin tsarin narkewa ya sami daidaiton sarrafa abun ciki na ± 0.05% da yawan amfanin ƙasa na 92%.
Zurfafa tasirin manufofin: Bayan cikar aiwatar da manufar "bayar da lissafin", ana sa ran nauyin harajin haraji na kamfanonin aluminum da aka sake yin fa'ida zai ragu da kashi 1.2 cikin dari, yana haɓaka sakin ƙarfin samarwa masu dacewa.
Wannan tsarin bincike yana nuna cewa masana'antar simintin simintin gyare-gyaren aluminium suna canzawa daga masana'anta na gargajiya zuwa sabbin abubuwa uku na "bayanan sarrafa kayan". Kamfanoni suna buƙatar gina “bayar da ƙimar ayyuka” gasa triangle baƙin ƙarfe don jure sauye-sauye biyu na sabon juyin juya halin makamashi da masana'antu na fasaha.
Sabo da haka, fitar da farashin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen jifan kwangilolin gawa na aluminum a nan gaba da 'yan kasuwar Shanghai suka yi a ranar 9 ga watan Yuni, wani sakamako ne da ba makawa, wanda ba wai kawai ya nuna ci gaban kasuwar nan gaba ta cikin gida da ke hidima ga tattalin arziki na hakika ba, har ma yana nuna karuwar muryar kasar Sin a cikin tsarin farashin aluminum na duniya. Tare da zurfin sa hannun abokan ciniki na masana'antu, ana tsammanin wannan nau'in iri-iri zai zama mahimmin alama don auna farashin kayan sabbin motocin makamashi.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-11-2025